SUSA
UK Airprox Drone & Airports
With the recent increased media interest in drones causing nuisance around airports, I was interested to see what the current UK Airprox Board data indicated in terms of : Incident frequency, the current trend, the UK airports most affected.
The following chart is extracted from the UK Airprox Board information.
The UK Airprox Board chart shows the number of reports involving drones and other objects up to November 2018. We were particularly interested in the red bars against the associated years on the chart. These are specifically incidents associated by the observer to be involving “drones”.
Since 2015 there have been 313 reported occurrences involving drones. Of this quantity, there are 22 that are recorded as drone operators reporting the Airprox.
The number of reported UK Airprox incidents involving drones has increased, with the most noticeable increase starting in 2015, and has risen up to around 120 drone reports for 2018. Of these 120, there are 66 that are incidents recorded in the vicinity of airports.
With the media writing about the recent reported sightings of drones flying near Gatwick and Heathrow airports in UK, we filtered the UK Airprox incident data to those UK Airprox taking place near to airport locations. The result is shown below.
For the above chart, there may be a few incidents that have not been caught in our filter for this exercise. That is if the recorded location does not obviously appear as an airport location. So if anything, the quantities of incidents may be a little higher.
The quantity of reported UK Airprox incidents involving drones near to airports has increased during the period to around 66 in 2018. Over the reporting period there appear to have been over 184 Airprox incidents raised involving drones near airport locations.
The specific subset of UK Airprox data that filtered for records involving Airports & Drones are associated to over 18 different airport locations, with 90 incidents recorded as in the location of Heathrow Airport and 21 reports around Manchester.
For London Heathrow in 2018 there was typically at least 1 incident involving drones a month with up to a maximum of 8 recorded in Jul 2018. There is an obvious peek during the warmer months of May – August. With London Heathrow and Manchester Airports being such busy locations in terms of flight activities, it figures that more reports would be generated. Or does it, or should this mean drone pilots should be more conscious of the impact and take measures to de-conflict.
London Gatwick only had one drone incident reported UK Airprox in June 2018 within this data-set and in 2017 had 9.
As with all subjects to do with flying drones in UK, it isn’t as straight forward as would be hoped. As an old cynic I would imagine that it is far too easy to select the “drone” category for any reporting of an Airprox associated to an unknown small object. I am however left in no doubt, that having seen the videos posted online by some pilots, and read the discussions to justify unsafe and inconsiderate flying; that there are some misguided individuals and groups that may be featured in the UK Airprox data, but unfortunately were not identifiable at the time.
This summary was posted for interest only and has no underlying message. Happy to hear any thoughts or viewpoints.
If you wish to learn more about UK Airprox Board visit : UK Airprox Board website.
UK CAA PFCO List Trend
Whether you are a potential or current sUSA operator or customer, AJSSL would like to take this opportunity to wish our reader a Happy and Prosperous New Year. All the very best for 2019 from us.
This post is prompted by the latest UK CAA PFCO List published 11 Jan 2019 and our observation that the quantity of listed operators has reduced ………..
The PFCO Operators List
Over the last 11 years AJSSL has been following the developments and trends within the vast scope of the UK drone industry. This work is used in support of our customers who are looking strategically towards future delivery, optimisation or use of sUSA capabilities.
One of these areas that we monitor is the number of registered operators. Within this aspect we see that there are a growing number of “commercial operator lists”. These are advertised as reference sources for service customers to identify professional and insured UK commercial small Unmanned Surveillance Aircraft (sUSA) operators. Most of these claim to to be the best, first or the leading source for potential customers requiring the services of a commercial sUSA operator to source. These are usually free to customers and subscribed to by operators paying to be a member and listed to generate leads.
AJSSL has chosen not to be listed on these lists however, like all PFCO owners, we are listed on the a UK CAA authoritative list of current holders of the CAA permission. This list is updated at least on a monthly basis, but recently it has been more frequently. This has a reference is CAP1361 – Small Unmanned Aircraft (SUA) operators holding a valid CAA permission. At the time of writing this post we are at List Version 74 dated 11 Jan 2019.
CAP1361 is published in pdf and provides a simple list of Company Name, PFCO ID# and expiry dates. This is in Company Name order and is not an ideal format for potential customers to identify a local provider.
Currently A Turnover Trickle
AJSSL has been tracking the UK CAA PFAW/PFCO List content since around November 2013. I was prompted to write this when I saw the the list imported into the tracking tool and Dec 2018 / Jan 2019 is the first time I have noticed a drop in numbers of operators on the list. This is a point when the last UK CAA Permission For Commercial Operation (PFCO) ID is #8295 and there are some 4913 operators currently listed.
With each new list published, we have previously observed a steady increase in the quantity of operators on the list with new UK CAA PFCO IDs listed. Over the years, there has been a noticeable turnover of operators with quantities of operators no longer appearing on the list. See the graphic above. The key trend of the actual number of UK CAA PFCO Operators appearing on the list is the lower (Orange line). The blue line is tracking the highest PFCO ID# on each list.
Dec 2018 / Jan 2019 is the first time we have seen a fall in the quantity of operators on the list. Whilst the UK CAA are issuing new ID number on each list, the overall quantity of operators has dropped by a small amount.
Typically, we have seen an increase of on average 100 operators per month appearing on the CAP 1361 List throughout any year. This latest fall in the quantity of operators during Dec and Jan could simply be a seasonal blip. This could be due to any number of current uncertainties within UK at the moment, including the imminent changes in legislation.
Although not an exact science, as it is based on the logging of UK CAA IDs in each year, but a an indication of the lack of operator retention or turnover; the following graphic shows the current CAP 1361 @ V74 shown graphically by proportions of current operators on the list, by the date that they originally registered.
The above graphic shows that approx 75 % of the 4913 operators on the list have only been operating in the last 2 years and critically there are only around 10 % that have been operating for more than 4 years.
So What …..
This latest reduction in numbers is only based on a very recent and short 2 month period. This instance is not necessarily an indication of a future sustained reduction or stagnation of drone commercial operators flying in UK. It may be due to one or more of a number of reasons.
The rules for drone operations are ever changing and restrictive, each renewal brings new challenges of the latest pet hates of the reviewing organisation, this all adds to the burden of a professional UK commercial drone operator. We are aware of an increasing number of operators that under current UK CAA rules are using drones without permission as part of their business. These operators can undercut PFCO operators as they have minimal overheads in comparison to a fully UK CAA permissioned operator. More are now contemplating taking their chances with operating without a PFCO.
This is only our current feeling and these are indeed interesting times. We will continue to monitor the turnover of operators in UK and we look forward to seeing what 2019 brings to the commercial drone industry in UK.
NOTE – AJSSL are experienced professional aviation specialists and will always promote the safe and legal practical use of drones to all our commercial and recreational customers.
To keep up to date with the trend – register for updates or visit our page that will be updated with the figures as they are published – Here
UK CAA – SN-2018/010 – DJI Battery TB50 and TB55
Notice To DJI Drone Operators
SN-2018/010: Small Unmanned Aircraft – DJI Battery TB50 and TB55 In-Flight Power Failures
For ease the original Safety Notice is extracted below but should be confirmed on the latest document available on the UK CAA website
1 Introduction
1.1 This Safety Notice provides updated information regarding the points detailed in Safety Notice
SN–2018/009, which is now cancelled.
1.2 This Safety Notice applies to operators of multi-rotor small unmanned aircraft utilising
DJI battery model TB50 or TB55, including all DJI Matrice 200 series (which includes the 200,
210 and 210 RTK platforms) and the DJI Inspire 2 (the Affected SUA).
1.3 A small number of incidents have been recently reported where the aircraft has suffered a
complete loss of power during flight, despite indications that there was sufficient battery charge
still remaining. In each case, this resulted in the aircraft falling directly to the ground due to the
immediate loss of lift with the remote pilot unable to control its subsequent flight path. The small
unmanned aircraft were damaged upon impact, but the CAA has not received any reports of
injuries to people or other property.
1.4 Investigation by the manufacturer has stated that this issue is related to the battery firmware in
the TB50/55 series of batteries. Although the issue is still under review, the CAA has received
a technical update from the manufacturer which has enabled a review of the previously imposed
restrictions.
1.5 The purpose of thisSafety Notice is to highlight the requirement for the SUA operator and/or
remote pilot to be reasonably satisfied that the flight can be safely made (Air Navigation Order
2016 (ANO) article 94(2)), restrict overflight of persons at any height, to temporarily limit the
scope of certain operational authorisations issued to operators of the Affected SUA, and to
provide updated information regarding battery management requirements while the Affected
SUA are airborne.
2 Compliance/Action to be Taken
2.1 This Safety Notice requires the following actions to be taken:
a) Provisional Suspension of Operations
i) In accordance with Air Navigation Order article 257 operators of Affected SUA are
hereby directed not to permit any flight that involves overflight of any persons, whether
or not they are under the control of the operator or remote-pilot, at any height until further
notice.
ii) In accordance with Air Navigation Order article 253, any element of any permission
or exemption based on an Operating Safety Case, issued by the CAA to an SUA
operator which permits the operation of an Affected SUA to be operated:
• within 50 metres of any person;
• within 50 metres of any, vessel, vehicle or structure which is not under the control
of the SUA Operator or remote pilot of the SUA;
• over or within 150 metres of an open – air assembly of more than 1,000 persons;
or
is provisionally suspended until further notice. This does not affect the ordinary operation
of Article 95 of the Air Navigation Order.
Note: The previous suspension of permissions and/or exemptions involving operations
over or within 150 metres of a congested area (e.g. as stated within a Standard
Permission), or when employing Extended Visual Line of Sight techniques, are now
lifted.
iii) These limitations will be subject to regular review. As soon as further updates have
been obtained from the manufacturer, and the CAA is satisfied that this has been
addressed in a satisfactory manner, the CAA will then issue a further update via the
SkyWise alerts portal on the CAA website.
b) Battery Management Guidance/aircraft operating limitations
i) SUA Operator and remote pilots must refer to the guidance and instructions
provided by the manufacturer on its website: https://www.dji.com/newsroom.
ii) If, at any time while the aircraft is in flight, the indicated voltage is displayed as 3.7
V or lower, the aircraft must be landed immediately, as recommended by the
manufacturer. Remote pilots should therefore plan their flights so that they can land
with a minimum of 3.7 V indicated (approximately 30% of full charge).
iii) Remote pilots must not rely on the state of charge only.
c) Emergency Services Operations
i) Due to the unique nature of emergency services operations, the privileges contained
within General Exemption E 4506 (ORS4 No. 1233) may continue to be exercised whilst
using the Affected SUA, provided that the potential risks highlighted in this Safety Notice
have been considered within the decision to proceed and the overflight of uninvolved
persons is minimised.
d) Occurrence Reporting.
Operators or remote pilots experiencing further occurrences, or related issues, should
report these directly to both the manufacturer and the CAA. Guidance on how to provide
reports to the CAA can be found at https://www.caa.co.uk/Blog-Posts/Mandatoryoccurrence-
reporting/.
3 Queries
3.1 Any queries as a result of this communication should be addressed to the following e-mail
address: uavenquiries@caa.co.uk, with the subject line ‘Safety Notice – DJI Battery TB50 and
TB55 In-Flight Power Failures’.
3.2 Technical advice should be sought directly from the manufacturer.
4 Cancellation
4.1 This Safety Notice will remain in force until further notice.
#OSC, #Operating Safety Case, #Operations Manual, #PFCO, #CAA, #Drone, #RPAS, #FMECA #UK CAA, #SN-2018/008
UK CAA – SN-2018/009 – DJI Battery TB50 and TB55
Notice To DJI Drone Operators
SN-2018/009: Small Unmanned Aircraft – DJI Battery TB50 and TB55 In-Flight Power Failures
For ease the original Safety Notice is extracted below but should be confirmed on the latest document available on the UK CAA website
1 Introduction
1.1 This Safety Notice supersedes and revokes Safety Notice SN–2018/008.
1.2 This Safety Notice applies to operators of multi-rotor small unmanned aircraft utilising
DJI battery model TB50 or TB55, including all DJI Matrice 200 series (which includes the 200,
210 and 210 RTK platforms) and the DJI Inspire 2 (the “Affected SUA”).
1.3 A small number of incidents have been recently reported where the aircraft has suffered a
complete loss of power during flight, despite indications that there was sufficient battery time
still remaining. In each case, this resulted in the aircraft falling directly to the ground due to the
immediate loss of lift with the remote pilot unable to control its subsequent flight path. The small
unmanned aircraft were damaged upon impact, but the CAA has not received any reports of
injuries to people or other property.
1.4 Investigation by the manufacturer has confirmed that this issue is not confined to any specific
firmware version and is thought to be related to the batteries TB50 and TB55. The full details of
the occurrences are still being investigated.
1.5 The purpose of this Safety Notice is to highlight the requirement for the SUA operator and/or
remote pilot to be reasonably satisfied that the flight can be safely made (Air Navigation Order
2016 (ANO) article 94(2)), restrict overflight of persons at any height and to temporarily limit the
scope of any operational authorisations issued to operators of the Affected SUA.
2 Compliance/Action to be Taken
2.1 This Safety Notice requires the following actions to be taken:
a) Provisional Suspension of Operations
i) In accordance with Air Navigation Order article 257 and 257(2)(c) operators of Affected
SUA are hereby directed not to permit any flight that involves overflight of any persons
at any height until further notice.
ii) In accordance with Air Navigation Order article 253, any element of any permission
or exemption, including Standard Permissions and Operating Safety Cases, issued by
the CAA to an SUA operator which permits the operation of an Affected SUA to be
operated:
• over or within 150 metres of any congested area;
• within 50 metres of any persons;
• within 50 metres of any, vessel, vehicle or structure which is not under the control
of the SUA Operator or remote pilot of the SUA;
• over or within 150 metres of an open air assembly of more than 1,000 persons;
or
• using EVLOS
is provisionally suspended until further notice.
iii) These limitations will be subject to regular review. As soon as further updates have
been obtained from the manufacturer, and the CAA is satisfied that this has been
addressed in a satisfactory manner, the CAA will then issue a further update via the
SkyWise alerts portal on the CAA website.
b) Emergency Services Operations
i) Due to the unique nature of emergency services operations, the privileges contained
within General Exemption E 4506 (ORS4 No. 1233) may continue to be exercised whilst
using the Affected SUA, provided that the potential risks highlighted in this Safety Notice
have been considered within the decision to proceed and the overflight of uninvolved
persons is minimised.
3 Queries
3.1 Any queries or requests for further guidance as a result of this communication should be
addressed to the following e-mail address: uavenquiries@caa.co.uk, with the subject line
‘Safety Notice – DJI Battery TB50 and TB55 In-Flight Power Failures’.
4 Cancellation
4.1 This Safety Notice will remain in force until further notice
#OSC, #Operating Safety Case, #Operations Manual, #PFCO, #CAA, #Drone, #RPAS, #FMECA #UK CAA, #SN-2018/008
UK CAA – SN-2018/008 – DJI Matrice 200 Series
Notice To DJI Drone Operators
SN-2018/008: Small Unmanned Aircraft – DJI Matrice 200 Series In-Flight Power Failures
For ease the original Safety Notice is extracted below but should be confirmed on the latest document available on the UK CAA website
1 Introduction
1.1 This Safety Notice applies to operators of the DJI Matrice 200 series multi-rotor small unmanned
aircraft.
1.2 A small number of incidents have been recently reported where the aircraft has suffered a
complete loss of power during flight, despite indications that there was sufficient battery time
still remaining. In each case, this resulted in the aircraft falling directly to the ground due to the
immediate loss of lift with the remote pilot unable to control its subsequent flight path. The small
unmanned aircraft (SUA) were damaged upon impact, but the CAA has not received any reports
of injuries to people or property.
1.3 The full details of the occurrences are still being investigated by the manufacturer.
1.4 The purpose of this Safety Notice is to highlight the requirement for the SUA operator and/or
remote pilot to be reasonably satisfied that the flight can be safely made (Air Navigation Order
2016 (ANO) article 94(2)) and to temporarily limit the scope of any operational authorisations,
issued to operators of the DJI Matrice 200 series where ‘reduced distances’, and ’extended
visual line of sight’ (EVLOS) have been permitted.
2 Compliance/Action to be Taken
2.1 This Safety Notice requires the following actions to be taken:
a) Battery firmware updates
i) Updating the SUA to the latest manufacturer’s firmware should be completed using
the “DJI Assistant 2” software. The software will identify the firmware version of every
component and prompt the “update message” if any component is not with the latest
version. This can also be identified if there is a “-“ (dash symbol) next to the aircraft
firmware version number.
ii) The TB50 and TB55 batteries need to be updated using DJI Assistant 2 and can only
be updated in pairs. This means that if the user has 10 batteries, he/she will need to
perform the update five times, plugging the batteries into the aircraft, and running DJI
Assistant 2 every time.
iii) After any software or firmware updates, the aircraft must be flight tested in sterile
conditions away from uninvolved third parties, to ensure it is working correctly. It is
recommended that each pair of batteries is flight tested. This must be recorded in the
operator’s maintenance log book as applicable.
b) Provisional Suspension of Operations
i) In accordance with Air Navigation Order article 257 and 257(2)(c), operators of a DJI
Matrice 200 are hereby directed not to fly or permit any flight that involves overflight of
any persons at any height until further notice.
ii) In accordance with Air Navigation Order article 253, any element of a permission
based on an Operational Safety Case (OSC), issued by the CAA to an SUA operator
which permits the operation of a DJI Matrice 200 series SUA to be operated:
• within 50 metres of any persons;
• within 50 metres of any, vessel, vehicle or structure which is not under the control
of the SUA Operator or remote pilot of the SUA;
• over or within 150 metres of an open air assembly of more than 1,000 persons;
or
• using EVLOS
is provisionally suspended until further notice.
iii) These limitations will be subject to regular review. As soon as further updates are
obtained from the manufacturer, and the CAA is satisfied that the current issues have
been satisfactorily addressed, the CAA will issue a further update via the SkyWise alerts
portal on the CAA website.
c) Emergency Services Operations
i) Due to the unique nature of emergency services operations, the privileges contained
within General Exemption E 4506 (ORS4 No. 1233) may continue to be exercised whilst
using the Matrice 200 series, provided that the potential risks highlighted in this Safety
Notice have been considered within the decision to proceed and the overflight of
uninvolved persons is minimised.
3 Queries
3.1 Any queries or requests for further guidance as a result of this communication should be
addressed to the following e-mail address: uavenquiries@caa.co.uk, with the subject line
‘Safety Notice – DJI Matrice 200 Series In-Flight Power Failures’.
3.2 Anyone experiencing technical issues with the firmware update process should contact their
DJI dealer immediately or DJI directly.
4 Cancellation
4.1 This Safety Notice will remain in force until further notice
#OSC, #Operating Safety Case, #Operations Manual, #PFCO, #CAA, #Drone, #RPAS, #FMECA #UK CAA, #SN-2018/008
UK CAA Commercial Drone Operators List
Are you engaging the services of a UK commercial drone operator?
Dont forget to check for the basics –
1 – Ask to see a copy of their Permission For Commercial Operation (PFCO). Each of us has a unique ID on our certificate – confirm it is still valid, as these are renewed annually. (See below)
2 – Ask to see the drone operators drone insurance.
If in doubt visit the UK CAA website and search for the operators name on the the UK CAA’s list published on CAP1361. This list is published in a pdf format document which provides all of the operators names that currently hold permissions. It is in operator name order, or you can use a search. Note – Each operator has a unique CAA Identifier e.g. ours is #38
The list is kept up to date by the CAA and can be found here
The published list of UK CAA commercial drone permission owners (CAP1361) is seeing frequent updates and is slowly updating to show the one AUM category of up to 20 kgs.
We have a searchable and sortable version of the latest published CAP 1361 list here.
We have been around commercial drone operations since 2008/9 and since the time that they have been published, we have been maintaining a watchful eye on the ebb and flow of operators on to the CAA’s list.
At AJSSL we are always happy to provide independent advice and guidance to drone service users and operators to support and promote safe and legal drone operation. We have a webchat facility that you are welcome to use for general queries.
#drone #drones #commercial #droneservice #RPAS #UAS #UAV #SUA #PFCO
UK CAA Update – ORS4 No.1277
If you are a current RPAS operator that is operating under a UK CAA PfCO you may wish to read this current amendment that allows flight at night and in a congested area with specific caveats.
For information, a general permission has now been published regarding night flying and operations in congested areas.
This general permission removes differences in permissions where:
– Anyone holding a standard permission can operate at night – there is no differentiation between day and night because the key requirements is to maintain VLOS (ie. you must be able to see the aircraft)
– Anyone holding a standard permission can operate within a congested area – there is no longer a differentiation between aircraft that are 7kg or less and those that are over 7kg
Reference: ORS4 No.1277
Title: Small Unmanned Aircraft – Night Operations and Operations within Congested Areas by SUA Operators Holding Permissions issued Prior to 30 July 2018
Description: General Permission which amends current small UAS ‘standard’ operating permissions to enable operations at night and operations within congested areas for small UAS with a mass greater than 7kg. Aligns previously issued permissions with revised policy.
Date:17 August 2018
See CAA Website here
And the referenced document here.
UK CAA – ANO Update
CAP1687: Air Navigation (Amendment) Order 2018 – Guidance for small unmanned aircraft users
Extract: “This document has been written with the aim of providing readers, particularly those who are less familiar with the layout and structure of ANO amendments, with an outline of the revised regulations as they now appear in law; to provide guidance on the effects of the changes; and how they will be interpreted by the CAA.”
Summary:
Although the SI document consists of eight pages of text, the areas covered by the amendment are
relatively few and can be summarised as:
Effective from 30 July 2018
– A 400 ft operating height limitation for all small unmanned aircraft
– A new limitation on the closest distance that small unmanned aircraft weighing 7 kg or less may be flown near specific types of aerodrome
– Changes to terminology with the introduction of the terms ‘remote pilot’ and ‘SUA operator’ in place of the previously-used term ‘person in charge’
– Minor corrections to the ANO 2016 to provide clarification or to correct previous errors
Effective from 30 November 2019
– A requirement for the registration of SUA operators
– A requirement for the competency of remote pilots to be tested
For full details see the CAA Website – Here CAP1687 dated 13 July 2018
Our Support:
If you have any queries please ask. Remember to read the authoritative document linked above to understand the information in context.
We love to talk drones – so you can contact us here or use our web-chat facility here – IT’S FREE !!
Royal Bath & West – Safety Zone
The Royal Bath & West Show 2018
We are privileged to be supporting the Royal Bath & West Show 2018, providing a drone safety focused stand within the shows Safety Zone.
We are passionate about supporting recreational and commercial drone fliers to fly Safely, Legally and considerately; so come and say hi to Al, Helen and Steve on the stand throughout the week.
We are taking key elements of our drone experience session to the show. This will include a range of drones with a hobby simulator and a commercial drone simulator for people to try.
There is an opportunity for visitors to enter the daily Safety Zone quiz with an opportunity to win £50 of Amazon vouchers.
We hope to see you there.
#Drones #RBW2018 #dronesafety
UK CAA – PFCO PROCESS UPDATE
UPDATED INFORMATION ON UK CAA WEBSITE : PFCO PROCESS
Commercial drone operators – please be aware of changes to the information regarding the process to obtain a Permission For Commercial Operation (PFCO). There is also information for commercial drone operators to ensure that their application is CAA compliant.
The headlines:
– New Standard PFCO online process.
– Changes to the process for standard permission with non standard / exemption privileges.
– Introduction of rejection and on hold rules for Standard Permission applications.
The outline/extracts of the CAA webpage information:
From 18 April 2018 we are introducing a new application process for obtaining a standard permission for Commercial Operations (PfCO) for SUA / SUSA. Applicants will be required to provide all documents and payment online (credit /debit card only ) before submitting their application.
The previous application form SRG1320 will be accepted for non-standard /exemption applications only, for example:
– extended visual line of sight (EVLOS),
– beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS),
– reduced distances
Current PfCOs which incorporate standard permission and non standard / exemption privileges in one document will therefore be required to be applied for separately and will not be renewed as a combined permission / exemption.
How to ensure that your application has all the information we need
From 18 April 2018 the new application process will introduce rejection rules for incorrect application submissions. Should an application be rejected the applicant will be notified and will be required to make a fresh application submission.
This section provides guidance for submissions and rejection under 3 headings:
– Insurance
– Ops manual
– NQE or equivalent
The information then explains the application processes under the following headings:
How to apply
Applications for a standard permission (PfCO)
Applications for a non standard / exemption
If you are a UK drone operator / pilot then we would recommend reading the full text at – UK CAA PFCO Approvals
Our Support Is Also Available:
The information is available on the CAA website, their policy documents and their enquiry service; but if you need additional assistance then please ask us!
We love to talk drones – so you can contact us here or use our web-chat facility here – IT’S FREE !!
#OSC, #PFCO, #Operating Safety Case, #RPAS, #UK CAA, #Drone
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